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Number 9 on periodic table1/11/2024 Fluorine from hydrogen fluorideĪnhydrous hydrofluoric acid is a nonconductor of electricity while an aqueous solution produces ozonized oxygen on electrolysis. Due to its toxic characteristics, the progress of fluorine chemistry is very slow. He received the Noble prize in chemistry in 1906 for the production of chemical elements. Production process Preparation of fluorine by electrolysisįrench chemist Henri Moissan 1886 prepared fluorine by electrolysis of potassium fluoride (KF) with anhydrous hydrofluoric acid in a U-tube of platinum with a platinum-iridium electrode. In India, fluorite occurs in Chhattisgarh (Drug, Raipur, and Jabalpur) in Rajasthan (Jaipur, Ajmer, and Kishangarh). Greenland is the chief source of mineral-like cryolite (Na 3AlF 6). The principal fluorine-containing minerals (fluorspar) are found in different parts of the world like India, Illinois, Kentucky, Derbyshire, southern Germany, the south of France, and Russia. The most common minerals found in the earth’s environment concentrated with fluorine elements are fluorite or fluorspar (CaF 2), cryolite (Na 3AlF 6), and fluorapatite. It occurs in the earth’s crust to the extent of 0.065 percent (544 ppm thirteenth in abundance) which is higher than that of chlorine (0.055 percent, 126 ppm, twentieth in abundance). None of the halogens are found free in nature owing to their high reactivity. Both the chemical compounds are obtained by using hydrogen fluoride. Christe through the reaction of K 2MnF 6 and antimony pentafluoride (SbF 5). In 1771 the Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele discovered corrosive compounds hydrofluoric acid (HF) by heating fluorspar with concentrated sulfuric acid in a glass retort but it could not be used for isolation of fluorine due to several difficulties.įor more than 150 years, all the chemical preparation methods had failed to produce F 2, success of discovery has come in 1986 by American chemist Karl O. The name of the chemical element fluorine origin from the mineral fluorspar (CaF 2) suggested by French physicist André-Marie Ampère in a letter to Davy (1812). All the elements have seven electrons in the valence orbitals. The chemistry and periodic table position of halogens follow their electronic configuration. It is placed on group-17 (VIIB) on the periodic table with the halogen family. It is gradually decreasing in other members of the group ( chlorine, bromine, and iodine). The exceptionally high reactivity of fluorine is assigned due to low F-F bond energy ( 159 kJ mol −1). The reactions with many elements are vigorous and sometimes explosive. Due to high reactivity and the small size, fluorine combines directly with metal, almost all nonmetal, and noble gases.
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